Analyze Yearly Variations in Temperature 

Find the temperature variation over the course of a year.

In[1]:=

X data = Table[ date = DatePlus[DateObject[{2012, 1, 1}], i]; {date, AirTemperatureData["KCMI", date, Interval]}, {i, 0, 364}];

In[2]:=

X data = {First[#], First[Differences @@ #[[2, 1]]]} & /@ data;

In[3]:=

X DateListPlot[data]

Out[3]=

Find the maximum temperature and its date.

In[4]:=

X MaximalBy[data, Last] // First

Out[4]=

Find the month with the maximum mean temperature.

In[5]:=

X means = {#[[1, 1]]["Month"], Mean[#[[All, 2]]]} & /@ GatherBy[data, First[#]["Month"] &]; MaximalBy[means, Last] // First

Out[5]=

Chart the distributions of temperatures by month.

In[6]:=

X DistributionChart[#[[All, 2]] & /@ GatherBy[data, First[#]["Month"] &], ChartLabels -> {"J", "F", "M", "A", "M", "J", "J", "A", "S", "O", "N", "D"}]

Out[6]=