灵活的字符串处理
版本 11 添加了多种能够灵活处理字符串的低等级函数.
选取有一系列个人信息的字符串.
In[1]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_1.png)
string = "lastname Doe firstname John age 20 email john.doe@mail.com \
mobile 123-456-7890";
用 StringSplit 构建一个子串列表.
In[2]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_2.png)
splitstring = StringSplit[string]
Out[2]=
![](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/O_1.png)
用空格填充所有子串的右侧使其长度为 20.
In[3]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_3.png)
padstring = StringPadRight[splitstring, 20, " "]
Out[3]=
![](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/O_2.png)
根据细节将结果表达式分割为字符串组.
In[4]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_4.png)
partstring = Partition[padstring, 2]
Out[4]=
![](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/O_3.png)
使用 StringRiffle 连接所有字符串,在每组的字符串组和空字符串间插入新行.
In[5]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_5.png)
rifstring = StringRiffle[partstring, "\n", ""]
Out[5]=
![](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/O_4.png)
最终的表达式是一个 String 对象.
In[6]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_6.png)
Head[rifstring]
Out[6]=
![](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/O_5.png)
另一种插入新行的方法是使用 InsertLinebreaks 函数.
In[7]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_7.png)
StringTake[ExampleData[{"Text", "AliceInWonderland"}], 200]
Out[7]=
![](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/O_6.png)
In[8]:=
![Click for copyable input](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/In_8.png)
StringTake[ExampleData[{"Text", "AliceInWonderland"}], 200];
InsertLinebreaks[%, 40]
Out[8]=
![](assets.zh/flexible-string-processing/O_7.png)