#

• 3D graphics, 32, 72, 148
  •     box around (Boxed), 75
  •     in the cloud, 240
• 3D printing, 286
• 3D shapes, 72, 75
• 3n + 1 problem, 179

A

• Abbreviations
  •     for units, 94
• Aborting evaluation, 326
• Abs, 142
• Absolute value (Abs), 142
• AbsoluteTiming, 321, 334
• Accents
  •     of synthesized voices, 307
• Access control
  •     for cloud objects, 278
  •     for websites, 239
• Accessibility
  •     for visually impaired, 246
• Accumulate
  •     in databin, 276
  •     with FoldList, 183
• Accumulate, 185
• Add to databin (DatabinAdd), 276
• Addition (Plus), 1
  •     of lists, 15
• Addresses
  •     of websites, 239
• AdjacencyGraph, 126
• AdjacencyMatrix, 126
• Adjectives, 226
• Aerial photograph, 100
• Afterthought (function application as), 153
• Age group
  •     target, xiv
• Age of universe
  •     compared to UUIDs, 278
• AI (artificial intelligence), 129
• Aircraft positions, 88
• Aircraft simulations (AnglePath3D), 95
• AirTemperatureData, 107
• AiryAi, 328
• Algebra, 328
• Algebraic variables
  •     symbols as, 216
• Algorithms
  •     built-in, 330
  •     for music, 58
  •     for sorting, 264
• Alignment
  •     of sequences, 274
• All (as option value), 115
• Alpha (Wolfram|Alpha), vii
• Alphabet
  •     visual nearness in, 135
• Alphabet position (LetterNumber), 51
• Alphabet, 51, 191, 218
• Alternation
  •     in regular expressions, 274
• Alternatives
  •     in patterns (|), 204
  •     in string patterns (|), 270
• Ambiguity, 84, 228
• AmbiguityFunction, 229
• Amusement parks
  •     as entities, 85
• Anatomy
  •     as example of data, 86
• And (&&), 176, 330
• AnglePath, 93
• Angles
  •     units for, 92
• AngularGauge, 150
• Animals
  •     interpreter for, 224
  •     web app about, 233
• Animal-vegetable-mineral
  •     and ImageIdentify, 137
• Animation, 185, 246
  •     in Manipulate, 39
• AnimationVideo, 309
• Annotations, 126
  •     for code, 321
  •     in plots, 242
• AnnotationValue, 126
• Anonymous functions, 159
• Anonymous local files, 277
• Answer
  •     latest (%), 247
• APIFunction, 240, 289, 332
• APIs, 289
  •     building, 240, 332
  •     external, 283
• Append, 251, 315
• AppendTo, 251
• Apply, 216
• Applying functions, 153
• Approximate numbers, 139
• Apps
  •     creating, 231
• Arabic alphabet, 55
• Arbitrary precision, 140
• Architecture
  •     of systems, 335
• ArcTan, 144
• Arduino, 289
• Area, 329
• Arguments
  •     of functions, 181, 212
• Arithmetic, 1
  •     modulo, 142
  •     on images, 46
  •     on lists, 15
  •     with dates, 105
  •     with units, 91
• Around, 145
• Array subscript (Part), 16
• Array, 181
• ArrayFlatten, 189, 195
• ArrayPlot, 62, 331
• Arrays
  •     lists as, 10
  •     multidimensional, 61
  •     of arrays, 189
• Arrow (), 113
• Arrow (graphics primitive), 75
• Artificial intelligence, 129
• ASCII (ToCharacterCode), 55
• AskFunction, 239
• AspectRatio, 117
• Assignment
  •     delayed, 253
  •     immediate, 253
  •     of names, 247
• Association, 218
• AssociationMap, 221
• Associations, 217
  •     and string templates, 272
  •     combining, 299
  •     in datasets, 291
  •     of associations, 291
  •     visualization of, 246
• Associative arrays (associations), 220
• Associativity, 267
• Assumptions
  •     in debugging, 324
• Asterisk (*)
  •     for multiplication, 2
  •     in regular expressions, 274
• Asynchronous operations, 289
• At sign (@), 153
• Atoms
  •     compared to UUIDs, 278
  •     in expressions, 210
• Attributes
  •     of functions, 267
• Audio, 57, 305
  •     speeding up, 312
• AudioCapture, 59, 305
• AudioIdentify, 308
• AudioPitchShift, 59
• AudioPlot, 59
• AudioTimeStretch, 312
• Authentication, 288
• Autocomplete menu, xiii, 79
• Automated theorem proving, 173
• Automatic
  •     for options, 114
• Automobile
  •     historical word frequency, 108
• AutoRefreshed, 240
• Autoupdating website, 233
• AVI (format), 312
• Axes, 75

B

• Background, 114
  •     for Framed, 241
  •     for Grid, 118
• Backquote (`), 144, 272
  •     typing, 274
• Backslashes
  •     for entering quotes, 54
  •     in numbers, 144
• Backtick (`), 144, 272
  •     typing, 274
• Backwards (Reverse), 8, 47
• Ball, 328
• BarChart, 11, 84, 296
  •     for associations, 218
  •     versus Histogram, 150
• BarChart3D, 150
• BarcodeImage, 137
• BarcodeRecognize, 137
• BarLegend, 246
• Bars
  •     labeling using, 246
• Base expansions (IntegerDigits), 18, 144
• Bases
  •     numbers in other, 18, 144
• BBC
  •     word cloud from website of, 288
• Beep, 60
• Beginning of list (First), 16
• Benford’s law, 150
• BesselJ, 144
• Bidirectional graph (UndirectedGraph), 123
• Big numbers, 2
• Binarize, 43
• Binary digits (IntegerDigits), 18
• Binary dump format (DumpSave), 279
• Bindings
  •     for APIs (EmbedCode), 240
• Binomial coefficients, 169, 328
• Binomial, 328
• Bins
  •     in histogram, 150
• Bioinformatics, 274, 332
  •     clustering in, 138
• BioSequence, 332
• Birds
  •     as web image search, 283
• Bitcoin, 95
• Bitmaps, 52
• Black and white (Binarize), 43
• Black background, 246
• Black, 25
• Black-and-white plots, 246
• Blank (_), 203
• Blend, 25, 166
• Block matrices (ArrayFlatten), 189
• Block
  •     compared to Module, 251
• Blockchain, 289
• BlockchainBlockData, 289
• Blocks
  •     partitioning into, 187
• Blue, 25
• Blur, 41, 159
  •     text recognition and, 131
• Bold, 29
• Books
  •     word frequencies in, 108
• Boolean computation, 330
• Boolean operations, 176
• BooleanCountingFunction, 330
• BooleanMinimize, 330
• Booleans, 180
• BooleanTable, 330
• Bordering countries, 83, 170
• Borders
  •     of graphics (EdgeForm), 75
• Bowtie polygon, 75
• Boxed, 75
• BoxWhiskerChart, 150
• Braces
  •     for lists, 10
• Bracket matching, 4
• Brackets ([...])
  •     square, 3
• Brains
  •     as inspiration for ImageIdentify, 137
• Break strings (StringSplit), 271
• Browsers
  •     CurrentImage in, 46
• Bubble sort, 267
• BubbleChart, 150
• Bugs, 317, 323
• Built-in functions, 77
  •     redefining, 260
• Bulletproofing code, 326
• BusinessDayQ, 180
• ButterflyGraph, 126
• ByteCount, 216

C

• C language, 321
• C++, 321
• Caching
  •     content of cloud objects, 279
  •     in function definitions, 321
• Caffeine, 86
• Cake chart (PieChart), 11
• Calculus, 328
• Calendar systems, 111
• Calling APIs, 240
• Callout, 242
• Camera
  •     capturing video from, 308
  •     choosing, 312
  •     in apps, 236
  •     not available, 46
  •     picture from, 41
• Canonical form
  •     for entities, 84
• Canvas, 75
• Capital letters
  •     for functions, 3, 4
• Capitalize (ToUpperCase), 47
• Capitals
  •     of Europe, 330
• Car
  •     directions by, 103
  •     visible on satellite images, 103
  •     historical word frequency, 108
• Cartography, 97
• CAs (cellular automata), 331
• Cases, 203, 213
  •     compared to Select, 204
  •     operator form of, 214
• Catenate, 298
• Cats
  •     testing for pictures of, 178
• Ceiling, 144
• CellularAutomaton, 321, 331
• Centimeters, 91
• Central limit theorem, 150
• Centuries
  •     of word frequencies, 108
• Chaining
  •     of dataset queries, 293
• Chains of functions, 153
• Chalkboard font, 118
• Champernowne sequence, 194
• Channel framework, 289
• ChannelListen, 289
• Character code (ToCharacterCode), 54
• Character codes, 55
• Character sets, 51
• Characters
  •     in string patterns, 269
• Characters, 48, 177, 187, 198, 215
• Chart
  •     bar (BarChart), 11
  •     pie (PieChart), 11
• ChartLabels, 218
• Checkboxes
  •     in forms, 239
  •     in Manipulate, 39
• Cheetah
  •     image identification of, 129
• Chemicals
  •     interpreter for, 224
• Chemistry, 331
• ChiSquareDistribution, 144
• Choose elements (Select), 176
• Chooser, 37
• Chords
  •     musical, 59
• ChromaticityPlot, 29
• ChromaticityPlot3D, 29
• Circle graph (PieChart), 11
• Circle packing, 69
• Circle, 31, 160
  •     size of, 117
  •     with coordinates, 68
• CircleThrough, 329
• Citations
  •     for data, 88, 89
• Cities
  •     as entities, 97
  •     distance between, 97
  •     nearest, 101
• City plots (GeoBubbleChart), 104
• Classes of entities, 83
• ClassifierFunction, 137
• Classify, 129, 283
• Clear, 248, 258
• Clock
  •     on web, 232
• Clock arithmetic (Mod), 142
• ClockGauge, 232
• Closest (Nearest), 130
• Cloud
  •     interactivity on, 39, 234
  •     Manipulate on, 39, 234
  •     physical location of, 239
  •     Wolfram Knowledgebase in, 89
• Cloud base, 278
• Cloud CDF, 234
• Cloud notebooks, 240
• Cloud objects, 275
  •     caching of, 279
• CloudDeploy, 239, 332
• CloudExport, 285
• CloudExpression, 279
• CloudGet, 275, 295
• CloudPublish, 231, 239
• CloudPut, 275
• CloudSave, 275, 279
• Cluster analysis, 132
• Code
  •     annotations to, 321
  •     debugging of, 323
  •     efficiency of, 318
  •     making random changes in, 326
  •     optimization of, 321
  •     overly short, 317, 321
  •     writing good, 315
• Code captions, xiii, 80
• Code folding
  •     Iconize, 320
• Code generation (EmbedCode), 240
• Code reviews, 335
• Collage (ImageCollage), 42
• Collatz problem, 179
• Collect elements (Gather), 190
• Collisions
  •     of UUIDs, 275
• Colon (:)
  •     in patterns, 264
• Colon-equals (:=), 253
• Colon-greater (:>), 254
• Color blindness, 246
• Color cube, 74
• Color picker, 28
  •     in forms, 239
• Color spaces, 28, 29
  •     from FeatureSpacePlot, 134
  •     nearness in, 133
• Color wheel, 28
• ColorDistance, 137
• ColorFunction, 120
• ColorNegate, 25, 153, 160, 165
  •     for images, 41
• Colors, 25
  •     background (Background), 114
  •     blending (Blend), 25
  •     dominant (DominantColors), 43
  •     HTML, 28
  •     in graphics (Style), 32
  •     models of, 28
  •     named, 28
  •     names of, 28
  •     nearest, 130, 133
  •     of text (Style), 26
  •     picking in Manipulate, 39
  •     random (RandomColor), 26
• Column chart (BarChart), 11
• Column, 12, 244
• Columns
  •     in arrays, 198
  •     in datasets, 291
• Combinations (Tuples), 192
• Combinators, 266
• Combining
  •     associations (Association), 299
  •     colors (Blend), 25
  •     lists (Join), 8
  •     plots (Show), 150
  •     strings (StringJoin), 47
• Comments in code, 321
• Common elements (Intersection), 191
• Common words
  •     in English (WordList), 50
  •     in word cloud, 49, 299
• Communities
  •     in graphs, 124
• Community
  •     Wolfram, xvi
• CommunityGraphPlot, 125
• Commutativity, 267
• Comparative linguistics, 226
• Compile, 321
• Complement, 191
• Complementary color (ColorNegate), 25
• Complete graph, 123
  •     CompleteGraph, 126
• Complex forms
  •     AskFunction, 239
• Complex numbers, 144
• Complexity
  •     from simple programs, 321, 331
• Composite heads, 213
• Compositing images (ImageAdd), 44
• Composition operators, 300
• Compound expressions (;), 249
• CompoundElement, 239
• Computational geometry, 329
• Computational language, vii
• Computational thinking, ix, 336
• Computational universe, 331
• Computed number fields, 235
• Computer algebra, 328
• Computers
  •     for Wolfram Language, xiv
• Concatenate
  •     Catenate, 298
  •     Join, 8
  •     StringJoin, 47
• Conditionals, 175
• Conditions
  •     on patterns (/;), 263
• Cone, 32
• Confirm, 326
• ConformImages, 313
• Confusion
  •     of letters, 131
• Connected devices
  •     data from, 275
• ConnectedGraphQ, 180
• Connections
  •     in graphs, 121
• Connectivity (internet)
  •     for Interpreter, 228
  •     for units, 94
  •     needed for data, 89
• Consonants
  •     sounds of, 312
• Constituent graph, 225
• Constraints
  •     on form fields, 239
• Contexts, 321
• Contour lines (MeshFunctions), 150
• Contour plot, 149
• ContourLabels, 150
• ContourPlot3D, 327
• Control+=, 81, 223
  •     for dates, 105
  •     for units, 91
• ControllerInformation, 39
• Controls
  •     UI, 37
• Conversions
  •     between units, 91
• ConvexHullMesh, 329
• Coordinates, 67
  •     adding to with Threaded, 75
  •     on Earth’s surface, 100
• Corners
  •     of polygons, 71
• Corporate data, 291
• Cos, 144
• Count, 16
• Countries
  •     as entities, 81
  •     bordering, 170
  •     graph of bordering, 170
  •     maps of, 97
  •     nearest, 101
  •     picking out names of, 224
• Country plots (GeoRegionValuePlot), 104
• Counts, 217, 334
• Course
  •     for this book, xv
• Courses
  •     based on book, xiv, xv
• CPU time, 321
• Crawling
  •     on network (NestGraph), 170
• CreateCloudExpression, 279
• CreateDatabin, 276
• CreateNotebook, 279
• Creating functions, 257
• Crossing
  •     of graph edges, 127
• Cryptocurrencies, 95
• Cryptography, 333
• Cube, 32, 33, 74, 75
• Curly brackets
  •     for lists, 10
• Currency
  •     interpreter for, 223
  •     units of, 92
• Currency codes, 95
• Current location (Here), 101
• Current time, 105
• Current value
  •     of expressions, 326
• CurrentDate, 112
• CurrentImage, 41
• CurrentScreenImage, 46
• Curry, Haskell , 216
• CurryApplied, 216
• Currying, 216
• Customer data, 295
• Cylinder, 32
• Cyrillic alphabet, 51

D

• Darwin, Charles, 284
• Dashboard
  •     autorefreshed, 240
  •     creating a web, 233
• Data
  •     hierarchical, 295
  •     importing, 281
  •     real-world, 81
• Data Drop
  •     Wolfram, 275
• Data Repository
  •     Wolfram, 284
• Data signatures
  •     for databins, 279
• Database join (JoinAcross), 221
• DatabaseLink, 304
• Databases, 303
  •     connecting to external, 304
  •     importing, 282
• DatabinAdd, 276
• Databins (in Wolfram Data Drop), 276
• Dataset, 291
• Dated, 109
• DateListPlot, 276
• Dates, 105
  •     formats of, 105
• DateString, 111
• DateValue, 111
• DateWithinQ, 112
• Day of week (DayName), 106
• DayName, 106
• DayRange, 105
• DDMMYY (date format), 112
• Debugging, 323
  •     interactive, 326
• Decimal approximation, 139
• Decimal degrees, 104
• Decimal expansion (IntegerDigits), 16
• Decimal points
  •     and approximate numbers, 139
• Default values
  •     in patterns, 267
• Defining variables, 247
• Definitions
  •     of functions, 257
  •     of words (WordDefinition), 228
  •     publishing, 279
  •     saving, 279
• Defocus (Blur), 41
• Degree, 92
• Degrees-minutes-seconds, 104
• Delayed assignment (:=), 253
• Delayed rules (), 254
• Delayed, 232
  •     as analog of :=, 254
• DeleteDuplicates, 195
• DeleteFile, 288
• DeleteMissing, 87
• DeleteMissing, 89
• DeleteStopwords, 49
• Deleting
  •     elements of lists, 199
• Delimiters
  •     split strings at, 271
• Democracy
  •     word frequency, 109
• Demonstrations Project
  •     Wolfram, xv, 39
• Dendrogram, 133
• Desk
  •     sensor on my, 276
• Destructuring
  •     of function arguments, 261
• Device
  •     mobile, 239
• Device framework, 289
• DeviceReadTimeSeries, 289
• Diagramming
  •     sentence, 225
• Dictionaries (associations), 220
• Dictionary
  •     definitions (WordDefinition), 228
  •     list (WordList), 50
• Differential equation, 329
• DigitCharacter, 270
• Digits
  •     as examples of coding styles, 316
  •     folding in, 184
  •     number of, 140
  •     of integers (IntegerDigits), 16
• Dimension reduction, 138
• Directed graph (Graph), 123
• Directory
  •     file, 288
• Disambiguation, 84, 228
• Disappear (Nothing), 199
• Disk, 31
  •     area of, 329
• Display (Echo), 324
• Displaying lists, 11
• Distance
  •     between cities, 97
• Divide string (StringSplit), 271
• Division (Divide), 1
  •     by zero, 2
• DMS
  •     for geo positions, 104
• DNA, 332
• Do, 250
• Document generation, 333
• Documentation
  •     for Wolfram Language, xv, 77
• DocumentNotebook, 333
• Dodecahedron, 32, 33, 73, 74, 75
• Dollars
  •     as unit, 92
  •     interpreter for, 223
• DominantColors, 43
• Dotted, 147
• Double at (@@), 216
• Double blank (__), 204
• Double equals (==), 179
• Downvalues, 261
• Drawing
  •     from EdgeDetect, 43
  •     of graphics, 75
  •     of graphs, 122
• Driving directions, 103
• Drop, 17
• Drop-down menu, 37
• DumpSave, 279
• Duplicates
  •     remove (Union), 190
• Dynamic programming, 321
• Dynamic scoping, 251
• Dynamic typing, 261
• Dynamic visualization, 246
• Dynamic, 326

E

• Each element
  •     apply to (/@), 154
• Earth surface path, 99
• Earthquakes, 88
• Echo, 324
• EchoEvaluation, 326
• EchoFunction, 326
• EchoTiming, 326
• EdgeDetect, 43, 52, 153, 165, 236
• EdgeForm, 75
• Edges
  •     of graph, 126
• EdgeWeight, 126
• EditDistance, 137
• Efficiency
  •     of code, 318
• Eiffel Tower, 85, 98
• Elements
  •     of lists (Part), 16
  •     test for (MemberQ), 177
• Elevation data (for Earth), 148
• EllipticK (elliptic integral), 144
• Email
  •     sending, 285
• EmbedCode, 239, 332
• Embedding
  •     of graphs, 122, 126
• EmitSound, 59
• Emitted light colors, 28
• Emoji, 52
  •     rendering of, 55
• Empty list, 18
• Enclose, 326
• Encrypt, 333
• End of list (Last), 16
• EndOfLine, 274
• EndOfString, 274
• English
  •     alphabet, 191
  •     as input language, 81
  •     computation on, 48
  •     lengths of words in, 147
  •     versus Wolfram Language, 318
  •     words in (WordList), 50
• Entanglement
  •     in computations, 173
• Entities, 81
  •     creating new, 89
  •     implicitly specified, 180
  •     in text (TextCases), 224
  •     searching for, 180
  •     setting up your own, 303
  •     types of, 84
• EntityInstance, 89
• EntityList, 83
• EntityProperties, 85
• EntityStore, 89, 303
• EntityValue, 82
• Environments
  •     for Wolfram Language, xiv
• Equality testing (Equal), 175
• Equations
  •     solving (Solve), 328
  •     structure of (==), 180
• Erf, 144
• Errors
  •     input, 5, 323
  •     numbers with (Around), 145
• Escaping in strings, 54
• Euclidean geometry, 329
• Euclid’s algorithm, 266
• EulerPhi, 144
• Europe
  •     shortest tour of capitals, 330
• European
  •     dates, 112
  •     units, 94
• Euros
  •     interpreter for, 223
• Evaluation
  •     controlled, 333
  •     in Wolfram Language, 211, 255
• Even-odd rule, 75
• EvenQ, 176
• Everest
  •     Mount, 148
• Evolutionary trees
  •     Dendrogram, 138
• Excel format, 285
• Except, 267
• Exercises
  •     online version of, xv
• Exp, 144
• Experiments
  •     in Wolfram Language, 336
• Exponential time, 319
• Export, 285
  •     for MP4, 310
• ExportString, 289
• ExpressionGraph, 216
• Expressions
  •     size of, 216
  •     symbolic, 209
• ExpressionTree, 211
• Extensible forms, 239
• External device
  •     data from, 275
• External programs, 285, 289, 333
• External services, 283, 289
• Eyes
  •     and color, 28

F

• Factor, 328
• Factorial function
  •     built-in (!), 144, 258
  •     defining a, 258
• FactorInteger, 144, 330
• False, 175
• Feature space, 133
• Feature vectors, 138
• FeatureExtraction, 138
• FeatureNearest, 138
• FeatureSpacePlot, 133
• Feet (unit), 91
• Fibonacci, 144, 321
  •     as example of coding, 317
• Fields
  •     for forms, 235
  •     in datasets, 295
• File path, 277
• Files
  •     deleting, 288
  •     extensions for, 288
  •     importing from, 283
  •     local, 277
  •     names of, 278
  •     searching text, 274
• FileTemplate, 274
• Filled disk (Disk), 31
• FilledCurve, 75
• Filling, 114
• Films, 87
• Filter a list (Select), 176
• FindClusters, 132
• FindGeoLocation, 103
• FindShortestPath, 122, 171
• FindShortestTour, 330
• Finishing input, xiii
• First letter (StringTake), 47
• First, 16
  •     applied incorrectly, 323
• FirstPosition, 201
• FixedPointList, 265
• Flags
  •     of countries, 81
• Flat (♭), 59
• Flat
  •     as function attribute, 267
• Flatten, 122, 188, 199
  •     achieved with Splice, 201
• Floating point numbers, 144
• Floor, 144
• Fluency
  •     in Wolfram Language, viii, 315
• Flying turtles (AnglePath3D), 95
• Fold, 185, 315
• Folded polygons, 75
• FoldList, 182
• Font size (Style), 27
• $FontFamilies, 120
• FontFamily, 29, 118
• For each (/@), 154
• For, 250, 315, 321
• Foreign alphabets, 51
• Foreign exchange, 92
• Foreign keys, 303
• Foreign languages
  •     function names in, 80
  •     WordTranslation, 226
• Form fields
  •     restrictions on values in, 239
• Formats
  •     cloud deployment, 239
  •     import, 288
• Form-based apps, 233
• FormFunction, 233
• FormObject, 239
• FormPage, 237
• Forms
  •     apps based on, 233
  •     extensible, 239
  •     multipage, 239
• Forum (Wolfram Community), xvi
• Fourier transform, 312
• Fractals, 168, 189
• Fractions
  •     exact, 139
• Frame, 118, 244
• Framed, 154, 160, 165, 167, 183, 241
  •     rounded corners for, 245
• FrameListVideo, 313
• Free-form input, xiii, 81, 223
• Frequency
  •     in spectrogram, 312
  •     of letters, 219
• Frequency plot (Histogram), 147
• Frequency-time plot, 305
• FromCharacterCode, 55
• FromDigits, 18, 185, 316, 318
• FromDMS, 104
• FromLetterNumber, 51
• Fuji
  •     Mount, 150
• FullForm, 210
• Function function (Function), 164
• Function page
  •     in documentation, 79
• Function Repository, 261
• Functional programming, 164, 184, 185, 251
  •     lack of assignments in, 248
• Functions
  •     approximate, 329
  •     attributes of, 267
  •     built-in, 3, 77
  •     compared to math, 5
  •     composition of, 300
  •     defining your own, 257
  •     plotting, 327
  •     pure, 159
  •     reading out loud, 4
  •     repeated application of, 165
  •     saving to cloud of, 275
  •     templates for, 80
  •     translations of names for, 80
  •     ways to apply, 153
• Functors, 185
• Fundamental frequency, 312

G

• G5, 245
• GalleryView, 240
• Game graphs, 173
• Gamepads
  •     for Manipulate, 39
• Gamma (gamma function), 144
• Ganymede, 299
• Gather, 190
• GatherBy, 190
• Gaussian-distributed numbers (RandomReal), 144
• GCD algorithm, 266
• GCD, 144
• $GeneratedAssetLocation, 312
• Genomics, 274, 332
  •     as string example, 53
• GeoBackground, 103, 116
• GeoBubbleChart, 104
• Geocomputation, 97
• Geodesic path, 99
• GeoDisk, 99
• GeoDistance, 97, 178
• GeoElevationData, 148
  •     resolution of, 151
• Geographic position (GeoPosition), 100
• GeoGraphics, 231
  •     ranges in, 115
• GeoImage, 100
• geoIP, 103
• GeoLabels, 116
• GeoListPlot, 97
  •     ranges in, 115
• $GeoLocation, 103
• Geometry, 329
  •     as example of topic, 78
  •     export of, 286
  •     fractal, 172
  •     importing, 282
  •     printing 3D, 286
  •     transformations in, 75
• GeoModel, 103
• GeoNearest, 101
• GeoPath, 99
• GeoPosition, 100
• GeoProjection, 103, 231
• GeoRange, 103, 115
• GeoRegionValuePlot, 104
• Get from cloud (CloudGet), 275
• Get, 277
• Ghost image (ColorNegate), 41
• GIF, 239, 288
• GIS (geocomputation), 97
• Giza Pyramid, 85
• Global values, 248
• Goes to (Rule), 120
• Golden ratio, 166, 321
• Good code, 315
• Government
  •     systems of, 109
• GPS position, 103
• Grades data, 295
• GrammarRules, 228, 274
• Grammatical structure (TextStructure), 225
• Granularity
  •     of dates, 112
• Graph, 121
  •     using Thread in constructing, 187
• Graphics
  •     3D, 32, 148
  •     as not listable, 156
  •     colors in (Style), 32
  •     interactive, 36
  •     labeling in, 241
  •     lighting in, 33
  •     objects in, 31
  •     of data (ListPlot), 7
  •     primitives, 70
  •     resizing of, 246
• GraphicsColumn, 244
• GraphicsGrid, 244
• GraphicsRow, 244
• GraphLayout, 122, 126
  •     settings for, 127
• Graphs
  •     constructing from lists, 215
  •     for expressions, 216
  •     of nearest neighbors, 133
  •     random (RandomGraph), 126
• Gray code
  •     as example of program, 324, 326
• GrayLevel, 28
• Great circle path, 99, 117
• Great Pyramid, 85
• Greater than (>), 175
• GreaterEqual (≥), 180
• GreaterThan, 180
• Greek alphabet, 54
• Green, 25
• Grid, 61, 161, 181, 187, 244
  •     nested, 168
  •     options for, 118
• Gröbner bases, ix
• Grouping (FindClusters), 132
  •     seeing with multi-clicking, 158
• GUI construction, 327
• Guide page
  •     in documentation, 78
• Gunpowder, 228

H

• Handwritten digits, 130
• Harmonics
  •     in musical notes, 312
• Hash (#), 185
• Hashmaps (associations), 220
• Head, 212
• Heads
  •     associating values with, 261
• Height map, 149
• Height/width for plots, 117
• Help
  •     on functions, 80
• Here, 101
• Hex colors, 28
• Hexadecimal
  •     in UUIDs, 278
• Hexagon (RegularPolygon), 31
• Hidden state, 251
• HIDs
  •     for Manipulate, 39
• Hierarchical data, 295, 304
• Hierarchical graph layout, 127
• Hierarchy plot
  •     Dendrogram, 133
• Higher-order functions, 185
• Hiss
  •     of letter s, 312
• Histogram, 147
• Historical calendars, 111
• Historical data, 109
• Historical events
  •     knowledge about, 107
• History
  •     seen in word frequencies, 108
• Hold, 255, 333
• Home page
  •     for Wolfram Language, xv
• Hot pink, 223
• Hour
  •     as unit, 91
• HTML
  •     exporting fragments, 239
  •     importing from web, 288
  •     templates (XMLTemplate), 274
• HTML colors, 28
• Hue, 26, 155
• Human language
  •     identification of, 129
  •     input in, 81, 223
  •     learning as comparison, viii
• Human-readable text, 274
• Humidity
  •     from desk sensor, 277
• HypercubeGraph, 126
• Hyperlink, 240
• Hyperlinks
  •     from my website, 282
  •     importing, 281
  •     network of, 121

I

• i (square root of −1), 144
• Iconize, 320
• IconRules, 239
• Icons
  •     for mobile apps, 239
• Icosahedron, 33, 74
• IDE
  •     for Wolfram Language, 321
• Identity testing (===), 180
• Idioms
  •     in code, 318
• If, 175
  •     in function definitions, 258
• iframe, 239
• Illumination
  •     in 3D graphics, 33
• Image
  •     satellite, 100
• Image links
  •     creating, 240
• Image search
  •     web, 283
• Image3D, 65, 185
• ImageAdd, 44, 46, 184
• ImageCollage, 42
• ImageData, 63
• ImageIdentify, 129
• imageidentify.com, 137
• ImageInstanceQ, 178
• ImageMultiply, 46
• ImageRestyle, 45
• Images, 41
  •     adding (ImageAdd), 44
  •     arithmetic on, 46
  •     as arrays of numbers, 63
  •     combining (ImageCollage), 42
  •     getting from data, 65
  •     importing from websites, 281
  •     in forms, 236
  •     nearness for, 130
  •     of entities, 83
  •     testing for objects in, 178
• ImageSize, 117, 246
• Immediate assignment (=), 247, 253
• Immersion
  •     for language learning, viii
• Imperial units, 94
• Implementation
  •     of Wolfram Language, xiv
• Implicit entities, 180
• Import, 281
• $ImportFormats, 288
• ImportString, 289
• In, 255
• Increment (++), 251, 315, 321
• Indices
  •     found with Position, 198
  •     in lists (Part), 16
  •     in tables, 19
• Infinite loops, 255
• Infinity, 2
• Infix
  •     notation for Function, 164
• Information (?), 260
• Input
  •     terminating, xiii
• Input fields
  •     in Manipulate, 39
  •     in web forms, 233
• Input labels (In), 255
• InputForm, 48
  •     for entities, 84
  •     for quantities, 91
• Inserting in strings (StringRiffle), 271
• Inset (graphics primitive), 75
• Instances (Cases), 203
  •     of entities (EntityInstance), 89
• Instant APIs, 240, 332
• Instruments
  •     list of, 59
  •     musical, 58, 87
• IntegerDigits, 16, 144, 161, 318
• IntegerName, 51
• IntegerQ, 176
• IntegerReverse, 318
• Integers
  •     big, 2
  •     English names (IntegerName), 51
  •     factoring, 330
  •     random, 3
• Integrate, 328
• Interactivity, 35
  •     in 3D graphics, 32
  •     of cloud graphics, 240
  •     on cloud, 39
• Interleaving
  •     for lists (Riffle), 191
  •     for strings (StringRiffle), 271
• Intermediate results
  •     capturing, 325
  •     printing, 324
• Internal form (FullForm), 210
• International alphabets, 51
• International characters, 54
• International versions
  •     code captions for, 80
• Internet address
  •     for geo location, 103
• Internet connectivity
  •     for data, 89
  •     for maps, 104
• InterpolatingFunction, 329
• Interpretations
  •     multiple, 84
• Interpreter, 223
• Interpreters
  •     for web forms, 235
• $InterpreterTypes, 228
• Intersection, 191
• Inverted graphics, 246
• IT organizations, 291
• Italic, 29
• Iteration, 167
  •     for tables (Table), 19
  •     versus recursion, 172
• Iterator specification, 23

J

• Java
  •     code generation for, 332
• JavaScript
  •     for notebook embedding, 239
  •     importing from web, 288
• Join, 8, 169, 251
• JoinAcross, 221
• Joined, 117
• Joining points, 71
• Joysticks
  •     for Manipulate, 39
• JPEG, 239

K

• KaryTree, 126
• KeyDrop, 221
• KeyMap, 221
• Keys
  •     in associations, 217, 218
• KeySelect, 221
• KeySort, 217
• KeyTake, 218
• Key-value maps (associations), 220
• Kilograms, 92
• Knowledgebase, 81
• Koala
  •     as example of entity, 85
• Korean
  •     translation to, 226

L

• LABColor, 28
• Labeled, 241
• Labels
  •     for any expressions, 241
  •     for bar charts, 218
  •     for contour lines, 150
  •     for form fields, 239
  •     in maps, 117
  •     of graphs, 121
  •     placement of, 245
• Lambda expressions, 164
• Language
  •     transliteration, 226
• Language design, 315
• LanguageIdentify, 129, 281
• Languages
  •     code captions in other, xiii
  •     translation between, 226
  •     words in, 55
• Large programs, xii, 321
• Largest (Max), 3
• Largest elements (TakeLargest), 199
• Last, 16
• Latest result (%), 247
• Latin, viii
• Latitude, 100
• Layered graph layout, 127
• Layout
  •     of graphics, 241
  •     of graphs, 122, 126
  •     of tabular data, 61, 244
• LeafCount, 216
• Leaves
  •     in expressions, 211
• Left composition, 300
• Legended, 242
• Legends
  •     placement of, 246
• Length
  •     of general expressions (Length), 214
  •     of lists (Length), 15, 156
  •     of strings (StringLength), 47
• Less, 180
• LetterCharacter, 270
• LetterCounts, 218
• LetterNumber, 51, 177
• LetterQ, 177, 190
• Letters
  •     in strings (Characters), 48
  •     non-English, 55
  •     visual nearness of, 135
• Lexical scoping, 251
• lhs (left-hand side), 207
• Light
  •     from desk sensor, 277
• LightGray, 241
• Lighting
  •     simulated in 3D graphics, 33
• LightYellow, 241
• Line drawing (from EdgeDetect), 43
• Line numbering
  •     in sessions, 250
• Line, 70
• LineLegend, 246
• Lines
  •     in GeoListPlot, 117
  •     terminating input, xiii
• Linguistics, 226
  •     evolutionary, 138
• Link graph, 282
• Links
  •     creating, 240
• Linux, xiv
• Listability, 15, 156, 158
  •     and associations, 221
• ListAnimate, 185, 246
• ListLinePlot, 11, 50, 67
  •     for time series, 108
  •     options for, 113
  •     with multiple datasets, 147
• ListLogPlot, 142
• ListPlot, 7, 67
  •     for time series, 108
  •     labeled, 242
• ListPlot3D, 148
• Lists
  •     arithmetic on, 15
  •     as functions, 10
  •     as tables (Table), 19
  •     dropping sublists (Drop), 17
  •     filtering (Select), 176
  •     first look at, 7
  •     in datasets, 295
  •     internal structure of, 209
  •     joining (Join), 8
  •     length of (Length), 15
  •     membership in (MemberQ), 177
  •     of rules, 187
  •     of rules and associations, 218
  •     operations on, 15
  •     parts of, 16, 197
  •     random choice from (RandomChoice), 166, 192
  •     sequences in, 274
  •     symbolic, 10
  •     taking sublists (Take), 17
  •     visualization of, 11
  •     zero-length, 18
• ListStepPlot, 150
• Load definitions (CloudGet), 275
• Local files, 277
  •     importing from, 283
• Local values, 248
• Local variables
  •     in modules, 248
• LocalCache, 279
• Localized names, 251
• Localized values, 251
• LocalObject, 277
• LocalTime, 107
• Location (Here), 101
  •     interpreter for, 223
• Locked functions, 260
• Log files
  •     importing, 282
• Log plot (ListLogPlot), 142
• Log, 299
• Log10, 141
• Logarithm
  •     base 10 (Log10), 141
  •     natural (Log), 141
• Logic computation, 330
• Logic operations, 176
• Logistic regression, 138
• Logo
  •     and AnglePath, 95
• London
  •     as time zone example, 107
• Long computations
  •     monitoring, 325
• Long output
  •     suppressing, 247
• Longer programs, 335
• Longest, 264
• Longitude, 100
• Loop variable errors, 326
• Loops
  •     for, 321
  •     in graphs, 121
  •     infinite, 255, 326
• Los Angeles, 97
• Louvre, 98
• Low vision, 246

M

• Machine learning, 129
  •     in ImageRestyle, 46
• Machine precision, 144
• Macintosh, xiv
• Magnitude (Abs), 142
• Mail
  •     sending, 285
• Mail server
  •     for SendMail, 289
• Manipulate, 35
  •     generating in cloud, 234
  •     publishing to web, 231
• Map (/@), 157
• Mappings
  •     mathematical, 164
• Maps
  •     geographic, 97
  •     range of (GeoRange), 103
• Market prices, 88
• Marketing
  •     plots themed for, 113
• Mars
  •     elevation data on, 151
  •     maps of, 103
• Matches
  •     all possible, 267
  •     for patterns (Cases), 203
  •     for string patterns, 270
  •     longest, 264
  •     shortest, 264
• Matching of brackets ([...]), 4, 5
• MatchQ, 203
• Math notation, 328
• Math typesetting, 328
• Mathematica, vii
• Mathematical computation, 328
• Mathematical functions, 144
  •     visualization of, 327
• Mathematical logic, 164, 216
• Mathematical operations, 1
• Mathematics
  •     comparison to learning, viii
  •     notion of function in, 5
  •     notion of mapping in, 158
  •     prerequisites, ix, xiv
• Matrices
  •     lists of lists as, 65
• Max, 3
  •     in Dataset, 293
• MBOX, 288
• Meaning
  •     of words, 228
• MemberQ, 177
• Memoization
  •     in function definitions, 321
• Memory
  •     and big numbers, 2
• MemoryConstrained, 326
• Menger sponge, 194
• Menus
  •     in forms, 239
  •     in Manipulate, 37, 39
• Mercury
  •     as disambiguation example, 84
• Merge
  •     for associations, 221, 299
• Mesh, 147
• MeshFunctions, 150
• Meshing, 329
• MeshStyle, 147
• Messages
  •     from code, 323
  •     sending mail, 285
  •     source of, 326
• Methods
  •     symbolic generalization of, 261
• Microphone, 305
  •     choosing, 312
• Microphone input, 59
• Middle C (note), 57
• MIDI, 59
• Min, 4
• Minimization
  •     of Boolean functions, 330
• Minimize, 328
• Minus (Subtract), 4
• Missing, 87
• Missing entries
  •     in datasets, 295
• Missing, 89, 221
• Mixing colors (Blend), 25
• MKV (format), 312
• ML (machine learning), 129
• MMDDYY (date format), 112
• MNIST training set, 137
• Mobile apps
  •     creation of, 239
• Mod, 142
• Modularity
  •     in good code, 317
• Module, 248
  •     compared to With, 323
• Modulo (Mod), 142
• Molecule
  •     as example of entity, 86
• Molecule, 331
• MoleculePlot3D, 331
• Monarchy
  •     word frequency, 109
• Money
  •     computations with, 92
• Monitor, 325
• Month
  •     from date, 111
• MOOC
  •     of this book, xv
• Moon
  •     elevation data on, 151
  •     maps of, 103
  •     phase of (MoonPhase), 106
• MoonPhase, 106
• Moons
  •     as examples of Dataset, 295
• Mosaic (ImageCollage), 42
• Most, 18
• Mount Everest, 148
• Mount Fuji, 150
• Movie titles, 228
• Movies, 87
• MP4 (format), 312
• MP4 file, 310
• Multi-clicking
  •     to see grouping, 158
• Multicore system, 334
• Multipage forms, 239
• Multiple assignments, 250
• Multiplication (Times), 1
• Multiplication sign (×), 2
• Multiplication table, 62, 181
• Multiway graphs, 173
• Music, 57
• Musical instruments, 87
  •     list of, 59

N

• N, 139, 154, 321
• Naive Bayes machine learning, 138
• Named colors, 28
• Named patterns, 205, 264
• Naming
  •     of fields in datasets, 295
  •     of functions, 317
  •     of objects, 247
  •     principles of, 250
• NATO, 194
  •     website of, 288
• Natural language
  •     and language identification, 129
• Natural language input, xiii, 223
• Natural language understanding, 223
• Natural logarithm, 141
• NDSolve, 329
• Nearest, 130, 171
• NearestFunction, 173
• NearestNeighborGraph, 133, 173
• Negative part numbers, 197
• Negative sentiment, 129
• Neighbors
  •     nearest (Nearest), 130
• Nest, 165, 324
• Nesting
  •     of functions, 165
• NestList, 165, 189, 265, 270
  •     versus FoldList, 182
• Net of polyhedron, 87
• NetChain, 138
• NetGraph, 138
• NetModel, 138
• NetTrain, 138
• Networks, 121
• Neural Net Repository
  •     Wolfram, 138
• Neural networks, 137
  •     construction of, 138
• New Kind of Science, 321, 331
• New York City, 97, 98, 223
  •     as entity, 84
  •     as time zone example, 107
• Newlines, 271
  •     split at (StringSplit), 271, 281
• Newton’s method, 172, 266
• NextDate, 112
• Night
  •     temperatures at, 108
• NKS (New Kind of Science), 321
• NLP (natural language processing), 224
• NLU (natural language understanding), 223
• Nodes
  •     of graph, 126
• Nondeterministic computation, 173
• Nonlinear optimization, 328
• Normal
  •     for associations, 218
  •     on Dataset, 294
• Normal-distributed numbers (RandomReal), 144
• NormalDistribution, 144
• NoSQL databases, 303
• Not (!), 176
• Notable person classifier, 283
• Notation
  •     mathematical, 328
• Note
  •     musical (SoundNote), 57
• Notebook
  •     embedder, 239
• Notebook generation, 333
• Notebooks, xiii, 335
  •     as forms, 239
  •     as IDE, 321
  •     in cloud, 279
  •     publishing to cloud, 240
• NotebookTemplate, 274
• Nothing, 199
• Nouns, 224
  •     number of, 228
  •     picturable in English, 137
• Now, 105, 232
• Null list, 18
• Number crunching, 328
• Number of occurrences (Count), 16
• NumberLinePlot, 12, 299
• NumberQ, 180
• Numbers
  •     arithmetic with, 1
  •     big, 2, 139
  •     digits of, 16
  •     from digits (FromDigits), 18
  •     Gaussian distributed (RandomReal), 144
  •     in other bases, 18, 144
  •     list of, 7
  •     maximum size of, 2
  •     of letters (LetterNumber), 51
  •     precision of, 144
  •     random, 3, 140
  •     random sequences of, 22, 141
  •     range of, 7
  •     tests on, 176
• NumberString, 274
• Numerical analysis, 144
• Numerical approximation, 139
• Numerics, 144, 328

O

• Obfuscated code, 317, 321
• Object recognition (ImageIdentify), 129
• Object-oriented programming, 260
• Occurrences (Count), 16
• OCR (optical character recognition), 131
• Octagon (RegularPolygon), 31
• Octahedron, 33, 74
• Octave, 57
• OddQ, 176
• ODE, 329
• Off-by-one errors, 326
• Offsets
  •     in partitioning, 187
• On-demand computation, 232, 253
• Online
  •     version of this book, xv
• OOP (object-oriented programming), 260
• Opacity, 73
• Operating systems
  •     for running Wolfram Language, xiv
• Operations
  •     order of, 2
• Operator forms, 213, 216, 293
• OperatorApplied, 164, 216
• Operators
  •     in mathematics, 216
• Opportunities
  •     with programming, 336
• Optical character recognition, 131
• Optimization
  •     numerical, 328
  •     of code, 321
• Options, 113
  •     autocompletion of, 120
  •     global setting of, 120
  •     iconizing, 320
  •     pure functions as settings for, 120
• Options (list of options), 120
• Or
  •     Boolean (||), 176, 330
  •     for patterns (|), 204
• Orange, 25
• Order of operations, 2
• Orderless
  •     as function attribute, 267
• OrderlessPatternSequence, 267
• Origin of Species
  •     text of, 284
• Oscillations
  •     in sound, 312
  •     sound from, 312
• Ostrich
  •     as example of image import, 288
• Out, 255
• Outliers, 114
• Output
  •     suppressing, 247
• Output labels (Out), 250, 255
• Overlaps, 274
• Overlaying plots (Show), 150

P

• Packages, 321, 335
• PageTheme, 239
• Paint colors, 28
• Pairs (Tuples), 192
• PalindromeQ, 180
• Palindromes
  •     in English, 177
• Parallel computation, 334
• Parallelogram
  •     as example function, 79
• ParallelTable, 334
• Parentheses ((...)), 2
  •     and functional forms, 158
  •     in logic operations, 180
• Paris, 98
• Parsing, 173, 225
• Part, 16, 197
• Partition, 187, 215
• Parts
  •     and associations, 221
  •     of datasets, 291
  •     of general expressions, 212
  •     replacing (ReplacePart), 199
• Pascal’s triangle, 169, 172
  •     modulo two, 172
• Passwords
  •     for websites, 288
• Path
  •     in graph, 122
  •     traveling salesman, 330
  •     with angles (AnglePath), 93
• Pattern-based programming, 249
• Patterns, 203, 263
  •     and function definitions, 257
  •     conditions on (/;), 263
  •     for strings, 269
  •     named, 205
• PatternSequence, 267
• Pause
  •     in sound, 59
• PDF, 239, 285
• Pentagon (RegularPolygon), 31
• Perception of color, 28
• PerformanceGoal, 321
• Permanence
  •     of names, 248
• Permissions
  •     for website, 239
• Permissions, 278
  •     in cloud, 240
• $Permissions, 240
• Permutations, 191
• Persistence
  •     of names, 248
• Persistent cloud expressions, 279
• PersistentSymbol, 279
• Phase of moon (MoonPhase), 106
• Phone
  •     location of, 101
• Phonemes, 306
• Photo mosaic (ImageCollage), 42
• Photos
  •     CurrentImage, 41
  •     in apps, 236
• Phrase structure, 225
• Phylogenetic trees
  •     Dendrogram, 138
• Pi (π), 140
• Piano, 57
  •     audio synthesis, 307
• Piano roll, 59
• Pictogram (BarChart), 11
• Picturable nouns, 137
• PieChart, 11, 82, 155
  •     annotation of, 242
  •     in Dataset, 292
  •     labeled, 241
• Pigment colors, 28
• Pink
  •     hot, 223
• Pink boxes
  •     and graphics errors, 323, 326
• Pipes, 289
• Pitch
  •     in audio, 305
  •     of musical notes, 58
• PitchRecognize, 312
• Pixel array, 63
• Pixel size
  •     of graphics (ImageSize), 117
• Place value (IntegerDigits), 16
• Placed, 246
• Placement
  •     of labels, 245
• PlanarGraph, 127
• Plane geometry, 329
• Planets, 83
  •     as example of Dataset, 295
  •     plot of sizes of, 142
• Platforms
  •     for Wolfram Language, xiv
• Platonic solids, 33
• PLI (Programmable Linguistic Interface), 228
• Plot
  •     of arrays (ArrayPlot), 62
• Plot
  •     for functions, 327
• PlotRange, 114
• Plots
  •     combining (Show), 150
  •     of colors, 29
  •     of lists (ListPlot), 7
  •     range of (PlotRange), 114
• PlotStyle, 147
• PlotTheme, 113, 243
• Plus, 1, 210
  •     as a function, 3
• Plus-minus (±), 145
• PNG, 239
  •     importing, 282
• Point size
  •     of text, 27
• Point, 70
• Points
  •     in graphics, 67
  •     on graph, 126
• Polygon
  •     regular (RegularPolygon), 31
• Polygon, 70
• Polyhedron, 32
  •     net of, 87
• PolyhedronData, 75
• Polynomial factoring, 328
• Population
  •     of countries, 109
• Popup menus
  •     in forms, 239
• Position, 198
• Positions (coordinates), 69
• Positive part (Abs), 142
• Positive sentiment, 129
• Post tag system, 266
• Postfix form (//), 153
• Pounds
  •     as weight unit, 92
• Powers of numbers (Power), 1
  •     definition of, 2
• Powers of 2, 166
• Powers of 10
  •     on map, 100
• Precedence
  •     of arithmetic operations, 2
  •     of logic operations, 180
• Precision
  •     of numbers, 140, 144
• Prefix form (@), 153
• Pressure
  •     from desk sensor, 276, 277
• Previous result (%), 247
• Primality testing (PrimeQ), 176
• Primary colors, 28
• Prime, 141, 156, 242, 334
• PrimePi, 144
• PrimeQ, 144, 176, 325, 334
• Print (Echo), 324
• Printout
  •     3D, 286
• Printout3D, 286
• Probabilities
  •     in image identification, 132
  •     in ImageIdentify, 137
  •     of UUID collisions, 239
• Procedural programming, 249
  •     compared to functional, 185
• $ProcessorCount, 334
• Programmers
  •     being, 335
  •     fast intro for, vii
• Programming Lab
  •     Wolfram, xiii, xiv, xv
• Programming languages, xi
  •     other, xiv
• Projections
  •     in maps, 101, 103
• Pronunciation
  •     of functions, 4
• Properties
  •     of entities, 81
• Prose
  •     compared to code, 315
• Proxy
  •     for SendMail, 289
• ps (external process), 333
• Pseudorandom numbers, 3
• Publishing
  •     function definitions, 279
  •     notebooks, 240
  •     to the web, 231
• Publish-subscribe systems, 289
• Pub-sub, 289
• Pure colors, 28
• Pure functions, 159, 181
  •     and parentheses, 164
  •     arrow form of, 164
  •     as composite heads, 213
  •     avoiding # in, 164
  •     nesting of, 165
  •     versus named function definitions, 261
  •     with explicit variables, 164
• Purple
  •     for unmatched brackets, 4
• Purple, 25
• Put into cloud (CloudPut), 275
• Put, 277
• Pyramid
  •     Great, 85
• Pythagorean triples, 194

Q

• Q functions, 176, 180
• QA (quality assurance), 326
• QR codes, 137
• Quadtree, 168
• Quality assurance, 326
• Quantity, 91
• Queries
  •     on datasets, 293
• Question functions, 176
• Quotes
  •     to indicate strings, 47
• Quoting (evaluation control), 333

R

• Radians, 92
• Radio buttons, 37
  •     in forms, 239
• Radio stations
  •     number in countries, 82
• Radius
  •     of circle, 69
• Ragged arrays, 65
• Ragged partition, 194
• Rainbow (color lists), 26
• Raising to powers (Power), 1
  •     definition of, 2
• Ram emoji, 52
• Random forests machine learning, 138
• Random graph, 124
• Random numbers
  •     as coordinates, 67
  •     continuous, 140
  •     grid of, 62
  •     integer, 3, 22
  •     seeding (SeedRandom), 39
• Random walk, 167
• RandomChoice, 166, 192
• RandomColor, 26, 253
• RandomEntity, 87
• RandomGraph, 126
• RandomInteger, 3
  •     sequences from, 22
• RandomReal, 140, 254, 329
• RandomSample, 192
• RandomWord, 55
• Range
  •     of map, 103
  •     of plots (PlotRange), 114
• Range, 7
  •     analog for dates, 105
  •     listability of, 158
  •     with negative numbers, 23
  •     with strides, 21
• Rapid prototyping (3D printing), 286
• Raspberry Pi, xiv
• Rasterize, 52, 131
  •     data from, 63
• Readability
  •     of code, 317
• RealDigits, 145
• Real numbers, 140
• Real-time display, 35, 326
  •     on web, 233
• Real-world data, 81
  •     historical, 109
• Reap, 325
• Recognition
  •     of barcodes, 137
  •     of images (ImageIdentify), 129
  •     of text (TextRecognize), 131
  •     speech, 306
• Recomputation, 255
  •     avoiding, 321
  •     in Fibonacci algorithm, 319
• Recording
  •     of sound, 59, 305
• Records
  •     in datasets, 295
• Recursion, 167
  •     infinite, 255
  •     versus iteration, 172
• Recursive definition, 258, 316
• Red input, 5, 323
• Red, 25, 99, 147
• Red-green-blue colors (RGBColor), 25
• References
  •     for data, 88, 89
• Reflected light colors, 28
• RegularExpression, 274
• RegularPolygon, 31
  •     and coordinates, 70
• Relational databases, 303
  •     and associations, 221
• ReleaseHold, 333
• Relief maps, 116, 149
• ReliefPlot, 149
• Rendering
  •     of emoji, 55
  •     of fonts, 55
• Repeat
  •     list elements (Table), 19
• RepeatedTiming, 321
• RepeatingElement, 239
• Repetition
  •     of functions, 165
• Repetitions
  •     in patterns (..), 264
  •     in string patterns, 270
• ReplaceAll, 207
• ReplaceList, 207, 267
• Replacements, 205
  •     in strings (StringReplace), 270
• ReplacePart, 199
• Replicate
  •     list elements (Table), 19
• Repository
  •     of data, 284
  •     of functions, 261
  •     of neural nets, 138
• Resizing graphics, 246
• Resolution
  •     of images, 63
• Resource System, 279
• ResourceData, 279, 284
• ResourceFunction, 279
• Rest
  •     musical, 59
• Rest, 18
• RESTful APIs, 240
• Restricted, 239
• Restyling images, 45
• Result
  •     latest (%), 247
• Reversal
  •     of string (StringReverse), 47
• Reverse, 8, 156, 318
• RGBColor, 25
• Rhombic hexecontahedron, 87, 286
• rhs (right-hand side), 207
• Riffle, 191
• Right composition, 300
• Roads
  •     in maps, 103
• Romanization (transliteration), 51, 226
• RomanNumeral, 50, 200
• Rotate, 75, 92, 160
• Rotation
  •     of 3D graphics, 32
• Round down (Floor), 144
• Round up (Ceiling), 144
• Round, 142
• Rounded corners, 245
• RoundingRadius, 245
• Roundoff errors, 144
• Row
  •     for display, 244
• Rows
  •     in arrays, 198
  •     in datasets, 291
• Rubles
  •     interpreter for, 223
• Rule 30 (cellular automaton), 321, 331
• Rule (), 113, 215
  •     as used in options, 120
  •     in Graph, 126
  •     in replacements, 205
• RuleDelayed (), 255
• RulePlot, 331
• Rules
  •     delayed (), 254
  •     lists of and associations, 218
• Run-length encoding (Split), 190
• Running time
  •     for bubble sort, 267
  •     for recursive definition, 319
• Running Wolfram Language
  •     environments for, xiv
• RunProcess, 289, 333
• Runs of elements (Split), 190
• Russian alphabet, 51

S

• Sameness testing (===), 180
• San Francisco, 178
• Sandboxed code execution, 326
• Satellite images, 100
  •     resolution of, 103
• Saturation
  •     of color, 28
• Save, 277
• Saving
  •     definitions, 279
  •     in binary, 279
  •     to cloud (CloudSave), 275
• Scale, 75
• Scale-free network, 126
• Scientific notation, 140
• Scoping
  •     of variables, 248
• Scoping constructs
  •     patterns as, 207
• Score
  •     musical, 59, 305
• Scratch
  •     and AnglePath, 95
• Screen capture, 46, 313
• Sculpteo (3D printing service), 287
• Search
  •     image, 138
  •     web, 46, 283
• Search engine
  •     building a webpage like a, 237
• Searching
  •     text files, 274
• Secondary colors, 28
• Sector graph (PieChart), 11
• SeedRandom, 39
• See-through graphics (Opacity), 73
• Select, 176
  •     compared to Cases, 204
  •     in datasets, 293
  •     operator form of, 213, 293
• Semantic expression
  •     as interpretation, 228
• Semantic number
  •     as interpretation, 235
• SemanticImport, 303
• Semantics, 223
• Semicolon (;)
  •     at end of line, 247
• Semitones, 57
• Sending mail (SendMail), 285
• SendMail, 285
  •     server for, 289
• Sensors
  •     data from, 275
  •     direct connection to, 289
• Sentence diagramming, 225
• Sentences
  •     lengths of, 150
  •     lists of (TextSentences), 49
• Sentiment analysis, 129
• Sequence of numbers (Range), 7
• SequenceAlignment, 274
• SequenceCases, 274
• Sequences
  •     in lists, 274
  •     of operations (;), 249
  •     of parts, 197
• ServiceConnect, 289
• Services
  •     accessing external, 283
• Sessions
  •     persistence across, 279
  •     results in, 247
• Set complement (Complement), 191
• Set intersection (Intersection), 191
• Set union (Union), 190
• Set (=), 255
• SetDelayed (:=), 255
• SetOptions, 120
• Setting names, 247
• Shade
  •     of color (Hue), 28
  •     of gray (GrayLevel), 28
• Shapes
  •     of plots (AspectRatio), 117
• Sharing
  •     definitions, 279
• Sharp (#), 59
• Shift+return, xiii
• Short IDs, 278
• Short URL (URLShorten), 239, 278
• Shortest path
  •     in graph, 122
• Shortest, 270, 274
• Shrinkwrapping, 329
• SI units, 94
• Side effects, 164, 251
• Side labels
  •     in plots (Legended), 242
• Sierpinski pattern, 189, 194
• Sigma (Sum), 328
• Signal processing, 59
• Similarity
  •     in feature space, 134, 135
• Simple programs, 331
• Simplicity of good code, 317
• Simplification
  •     of Boolean functions, 330
• Sin, 144, 327
• Size
  •     of big numbers, 2
  •     of expressions, 216
  •     of graphics (ImageSize), 117
  •     of text, 27
• SK combinators, 266
• Sketch (from EdgeDetect), 43
• Skull, 86
• Slash at (/@), 154, 158
• Slash dot (/.), 205
• Slash semi (/;), 263
• Slash slash (//), 158
• Slider, 327
• Sliders
  •     in forms, 239
  •     in Manipulate, 35
  •     on web, 232
• Slot (#), 185
• Slots
  •     in pure functions (#), 159, 181
  •     in string templates, 272
• Smallest elements (TakeSmallest), 199
• Smallest value (Min), 4
• Smart fields, 235
• Smileys, 52
• SmoothHistogram, 150
• Social networks, 121
• Software engineering, 321, 335
• Solid objects, 73
• Solve, 328
• Sonification, 57
• Sort, 15, 190
  •     in associations, 217
  •     of characters, 48
  •     timing of, 320
• SortBy, 190
  •     operator form of, 294
• Sorting algorithm, 264
• Sound, 57
  •     importing, 282
  •     recorded, 305
  •     synthesizing audio from, 307
• Sound effects, 59
• SoundNote, 57, 59
• Sources
  •     for data, 88, 89
• Sow, 325
• Spacecraft simulations (AnglePath3D), 95
• Spaces
  •     for multiplication, 2
  •     in string patterns, 270
• Spanish
  •     words in, 55
• Spanish captions, xiii
• Spans
  •     in lists, 197
• SparseArray, 65
• Speak, 60, 306
• Spectrogram, 59, 305
• Speech, 305
• SpeechRecognize, 306
• SpeechSynthesize, 306
• Speech-to-text, 306
• Speed
  •     of code, 318
• Speeding up audio, 312
• Sphere, 32
  •     and coordinates, 72
• Spikey
  •     3D printout of, 286
  •     net of, 87
• Spiral
  •     from AnglePath, 93
• Splice, 201
• Split strings (StringSplit), 271
• Split, 190
• Spoken output (Speak), 60
• Spreadsheets
  •     as source for datasets, 303
  •     data from, 285
  •     importing, 282
• Spring-electrical graph layout, 126
• SQL databases, 303
  •     connecting to, 304
• Sqrt (square root), 141
• Square brackets, 4
  •     for functions, 3
• Square root (Sqrt), 141
  •     nested, 166
• Squares
  •     generated with Array, 181
  •     of numbers (Power), 1
  •     table of, 20, 315
• Squaring
  •     nested, 166
• Squid
  •     sound of word, 312
• Stack trace, 326
• Stacked output (Column), 12
• StackedListPlot, 150
• Star (*)
  •     for multiplication, 2
  •     in regular expressions, 274
• Starry Night (painting), 86
• Start of list (First), 16
• StartOfLine, 274
• StartOfString, 274
• State capitals, 228
• Static typing, 261
• Stephen Wolfram
  •     as CurrentImage example, 41
  •     as example of entity, 86
  •     automatic recognition of, 283
  •     home page, xvi
  •     importing from website of, 283
  •     New Kind of Science book by, 321
• stephenwolfram.com, 282, 283
• Steps
  •     debugging in, 326
  •     in lists, 21
  •     in procedural programs, 249
• STL file, 286
• Stock prices, 88
• Stopwords, 49
  •     removal of, 55
• Store in cloud (CloudPut), 275
• Street
  •     addresses, 224
  •     maps, 103
• Stride
  •     in lists, 21
• String templates, 272
• StringCases, 269
• StringContainsQ, 180
• StringJoin, 47, 271
• StringLength, 47, 147, 160
• StringMatchQ, 270
• StringReplace, 270
• StringReverse, 47, 177
• StringRiffle, 271
• Strings, 47
  •     dates as, 111
  •     exporting from (ExportString), 289
  •     from expressions, 272
  •     importing from (ImportString), 289
  •     joining (StringJoin), 47
  •     natural language interpretation of, 223
  •     overlaps in matching for, 274
  •     patterns for, 269
  •     quotes in (InputForm), 48
  •     to lists of letters (Characters), 48
  •     versus symbols, 54
• StringSplit, 271, 281
• StringTake, 47
• StringTemplate, 272
• Structs (associations), 220
• Structured data, 291
• Student data, 295
• Style transfer
  •     for images, 45
• Style, 52, 99, 160
  •     for labels, 241
  •     in document generation, 333
  •     in plots, 242
  •     options in, 118
• Styles
  •     in forms, 239
• Sub
  •     for Part, 201
• Subject line
  •     for email, 285
• Sublists
  •     creating, 187
  •     operations on, 274
• Subscript (Part), 16
• Subsets, 192
• Subtraction (Subtract), 1, 4
• Subvalues, 261
• Successor function, 166
• Suggestions, xiii
• Sum of elements (Total), 15
• Sum, 328
• Sunrise, 106
• Sunset, 106
• Superpower, xi
• Supervised machine learning, 138
• Support vector machines, 138
• Suppressing output, 247
• SVG, 239
• Swapping values, 250
• Swatches
  •     of color, 28
• Swedish alphabet, 191
• Switzerland
  •     as example, 83
  •     graph of bordering countries, 170
• Symbolic
  •     database generalization, 303
  •     documents, 333
  •     expressions, 209
  •     generalization of types, 261
  •     images as, 46
  •     languages, 10, 13, 89, 216
  •     lists as example, 10
  •     mathematics, 328
  •     mixing of types in lists, 13
  •     representation of infinity, 2
  •     results, 323
  •     user interfaces, 327
• Symbolically-indexed lists (associations), 220
• Symbols, 210
• Syntax errors, 5, 323
• SystemOpen, 288
• Systems operations, 333

T

• Table, 19, 315
  •     and /@, 164
  •     as alternative to Map, 158
  •     for lists of lists, 61
  •     versus Array, 181
• Tabular data, 291
• Tabular output (Grid), 61
• Tag cloud (WordCloud), 49
• Tag system, 266
• Tags
  •     on graph edges, 126
• Take, 17, 197
  •     analog for keys (KeyTake), 218
• TakeLargest, 199
• TakeSmallest, 199
• Temperature
  •     AirTemperatureData, 107
  •     from desk sensor, 277
• Templates
  •     for built-in functions, 80
  •     string, 272
• Testing
  •     framework for, 326
  •     importance of, 323
  •     of larger programs, 335
• TestReport, 326
• Tests, 175
  •     on form fields, 239
• Tetrahedron, 32, 33, 74, 75
• Text
  •     color of (Style), 26
  •     computation with, 47
  •     rotation of (Rotate), 92
  •     structure of, 225
• Text (graphics primitive), 75
• Textbook math, 328
• TextCases, 224
• TextRecognize, 131
• TextSearch, 274
• TextSentences, 49
• TextString, 272, 274
• TextWords, 48
• Theme
  •     of forms (PageTheme), 239
  •     of graphics (PlotTheme), 113
• Theorem proving, 173
• Theorems
  •     about Wolfram Language, 10
• Thick, 99
• Thread, 187
• Threaded, 75
• Three-dimensional graphics, 32, 72, 148
  •     in the cloud, 240
• Three-dimensional printing, 286
• Tilde tilde (~~), 274
• Time series, 107
• Time zones, 107
• TimeConstrained, 326
• Time-frequency plot, 305
• Times, 105
• Times, 1, 181
  •     as a function, 3
• TimeSeries, 111
  •     from video, 312
• Timing, 318, 321
• Tint, 28
• Tiny
  •     as ImageSize, 117
• ToCharacterCode, 54, 55
• Today, 106
• Tokyo, 99
• Tomorrow, 105
• Tooltip, 242
• Topography, 148
• ToString, 274
• Total, 15, 247, 316
  •     in associations, 217
  •     in Dataset, 292
• ToUpperCase, 47
• Traceback
  •     from messages, 326
• TraditionalForm, 328, 330
• Traffic lights
  •     as color example, 27
• Training
  •     in machine learning, 130
  •     of neural nets, 138
• Training sets
  •     for machine learning, 137
• Transcoding videos, 312
• Transition graph, 215
• Translate, 75
• Translation
  •     of function names, 80
  •     of words (WordTranslation), 226
• Transliterate, 226
• Transparency (Opacity), 73
• Transpose, 187, 195, 265
• TravelDirections, 103
• TravelDistance, 103
• Traveling salesman problem, 330
• TravelTime, 103
• Tree
  •     as graph (KaryTree), 126
  •     expression as, 211
  •     from NestGraph, 169
• Tree of life
  •     Dendrogram, 138
• Tree plot
  •     Dendrogram, 133
• Tree, 216
• Trees
  •     expressions as, 211, 216
• Triangle (RegularPolygon), 33
• Triple at (@@@), 216
• Triple blank (___), 263
• Triple equals (===), 180
• Triples (Tuples), 192
• True, 175
• Truth table, 330
• TSP (traveling salesman problem), 330
• Tuples, 192
• Turkish alphabet, 191
• Turning path (AnglePath), 93
• Turtle graphics (AnglePath), 95
• Tweet-a-Program, xv
• Twenty questions
  •     and ImageIdentify, 137
• Types
  •     in Wolfram Language, 260
• Typesetting, 328

U

• UI construction, 327
• UN website, 281
• UndirectedGraph, 123
• Unequal (≠), 180
• Unevaluated results, 323
• Unicode, 55
• Uniform polyhedra, 33
• Union, 190, 195
• Unique identifiers, 239
• Unit tests, 326
• UnitConvert, 91
  •     for dates, 105
• United Nations website, 281
• United States
  •     as entity, 81
  •     map of, 97
• Units
  •     of measure, 91
• Universally unique identifiers, 239
• Universities
  •     interpreter for, 224
• Unknowns
  •     symbols as, 216
• Unprotect, 260
• Unravel (Flatten), 188
• Unsupervised machine learning, 138
• UpdateInterval, 233
• Uploading
  •     to cloud, 288
• Uppercase (ToUpperCase), 47
• UpTo, 194
• Upvalues, 260, 261
• URLDownload, 288
• URLShorten, 239, 278
• URLSubmit, 289
• US units, 94
• User functions
  •     defining, 257
• User ID, 278
• User interface construction, 327
• UUIDs, 239, 275
  •     format of, 278
  •     number of, 278

V

• Validation
  •     of form fields, 239
• Values
  •     for a databin, 276
  •     in associations, 218
• Van Gogh
  •     image style, 45
  •     painting as example, 86
• Vanish (Nothing), 199
• Variables
  •     global, 248
  •     in tables, 19
  •     local, 248
  •     names of, 20, 23
  •     persistent, 279
  •     scoping of, 248
• Vectors
  •     lists as, 65
• Verbs, 226
• VerificationTest, 326, 335
• Version
  •     of Wolfram Language, xiv
• Version control, 335
• VertexLabels, 121, 169
• VertexStyle, 126
• Vertical bar, 207
• Vertical output (Column), 12
• VerticalGauge, 150
• Vertices
  •     of graphs, 121
• Video, 305
  •     generating, 309
• VideoCapture, 308
• $VideoDecoders, 312
• $VideoEncoders, 312
• VideoFrameList, 313
• VideoScreenCapture, 313
• VideoTranscode, 312
• Violin, 58
  •     synthesized audio from, 308
• Visible quotes (InputForm), 48
• Vision
  •     color, 28, 137
• Visual nearness, 135
• Visualization, 147
  •     annotation of, 241
  •     for debugging, 324
  •     of functions, 327
  •     of lists, 11
• Voice output, 60
• Voices
  •     synthesized, 307
• VoiceStyleData, 312
• Volcanoes, 101
• Vowels
  •     sounds of, 312
• Voxels (Image3D), 65

W

• Wait to evaluate, 253
• Wall clock time (AbsoluteTiming), 321
• Waveform
  •     AudioPlot, 305
  •     of sound, 312
• Weather
  •     data on, 107
• Web
  •     interactivity on, 39
  •     Manipulate on, 39
  •     network of, 121
  •     plots themed for, 113
• Web address
  •     length of, 239
• Web APIs, 240, 289
• Web computation (Delayed), 232
• Web crawler, 173, 282
• Web forms, 235
• Web links
  •     creating, 240
• Web notebooks, 240
• Web search, 283
  •     versus Wolfram Knowledgebase, 89
• Webcam
  •     picture from, 41
  •     video from, 308
• WebImageSearch, 46, 283
• Websites
  •     creating, 231, 335
  •     embedding on (EmbedCode), 239
• Weeks
  •     and time computations, 105
• Weight
  •     as example of quantity, 92
• White House
  •     location of, 223
• Whitespace, 270, 274
• Whole number
  •     random, 3
• Wikipedia
  •     importing icon from, 282
• WikipediaData, 160, 218, 225
  •     images from, 46
  •     text from, 49
• Windows operating system, xiv
• With, 323
• .wl files, 321
• Wolf emoji, 52
• Wolfram Cloud, 231
  •     and SendMail, 289
  •     storage in, 275
• Wolfram Cloud app, 239
• Wolfram Community, xvi
• Wolfram Data Drop, 275
• Wolfram Data Repository, 284
• Wolfram Demonstrations Project, xv, 39
• Wolfram Function Repository, 261, 279
• Wolfram Knowledgebase, 81, 281
• Wolfram Language
  •     home page, xv
  •     metadata about (WolframLanguageData), 80
  •     nature of, xi
  •     scope of, 77
  •     time to learn, 80
  •     uses of, xi
  •     version of, xiv
• Wolfram logo
  •     3D printout of, 286
  •     net of, 87
• Wolfram Neural Net Repository, 138
• Wolfram Notebook Embedder, 239
• Wolfram Notebooks, xiii, 335
  •     as IDE, 321
  •     in cloud, 279
• Wolfram Programming Lab, xiii, xiv, xv
• Wolfram Research, xvi
• Wolfram U, xv
• Wolfram|Alpha, vii
  •     as example of large program, 335
  •     building a webpage like, 237
  •     comparison with, xi
  •     data vs. Wolfram Language, 88
  •     interpreting strings like, 228
  •     knowledgebase for, 81
• WolframLanguageData, 80
• WordBoundary, 274
• WordCloud, 49, 225
  •     options for, 118
  •     weighting in, 299
• WordDefinition, 228
• WordFrequencyData, 108
• WordList, 50, 130, 147, 177
• WordOrientation, 118
• Words
  •     graph of nearest, 171
  •     historical frequencies of, 108
  •     lengths of common, 147
  •     nearest, 130, 137, 171
• Words for integers (IntegerName), 51
• Words in text (TextWords), 48
• WordTranslation, 226
• Writing systems
  •     conversion between, 51

X

• XLS
  •     importing, 282
  •     exporting, 285
• XML, 216
• XMLTemplate, 274
• XYZColor, 28

Y

• Yellow box
  •     for entities, 81
• Yellow, 25
• Yesterday, 105

Z

• Zeta (Riemann zeta function), 144