Tunnels

TunnelData provides information about tunnels, such as their length and the location.

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tunnels = TunnelData[];

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Length[tunnels]

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For each tunnel, find its length and location given by country or countries.

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rawData = TunnelData[tunnels, {"Countries", "Length"}];

Clean the data to remove missing values.

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data = DeleteMissing[rawData, 1, 2];

Convert the length data to miles.

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data[[All, 2]] = UnitConvert[N[data[[All, 2]]], "Miles"];

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lengths = data[[All, 2]];

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MinMax[lengths]

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h = Histogram[lengths, {1, 12, .5}, PDF, FrameLabel -> Automatic, PlotTheme -> "Detailed"]

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The data might be described by a mixture of long-tailed distributions.

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dist = MixtureDistribution[{w1, w2}, {ParetoDistribution[a1, a2, a3, a4], WeibullDistribution[b1, b2]}];

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edist = EstimatedDistribution[lengths, dist]

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Test goodness of fit against the parametric family mixture distributions.

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DistributionFitTest[lengths, dist, "TestDataTable"]

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Plot the PDF of the fitted distribution against the histogram.

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Show[h, Plot[PDF[edist, Quantity[x, "Miles"]], {x, 1, 12}, PlotRange -> All] // Quiet]

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Visualize the locations of the tunnels.

Group by country.

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res = GroupBy[data, First, Flatten[Take[#, All, -1]] &];

Some tunnels are located in more than one country.

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shared = Select[Keys[res], Length[#] > 1 &]

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Distribute the shared tunnels and select countries that have at least 10 tunnels. Plot the length distribution chart.

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split = GroupBy[ Flatten[Map[{{{#[[1]]}, res[#]}, {{#[[2]]}, res[#]}} &, shared], 1], First, Flatten[#[[All, 2]]] &];

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together = Join[KeyDrop[res, shared], split, 2];

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tc = SortBy[Select[Normal[together], Length[#[[2]]] >= 10 &], Length@*Last];

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DistributionChart[tc[[All, 2]], ChartLabels -> tc[[All, 1, 1]], BarOrigin -> Left, BarSpacing -> .3, FrameLabel -> {"Miles"}, LabelingFunction -> (Placed[Length[#1], After] &), ChartStyle -> "SandyTerrain", ImageSize -> Large]

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The total tunnel mileage per country with shared tunnels included in full length for each country.

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vals = KeyMap[First, Map[Total, together]]; title = Style["tunnel mileage", 24, Bold, GrayLevel[.2], FontFamily -> "Osaka"]; GeoRegionValuePlot[vals, GeoProjection -> "Mercator", GeoRange -> {{-65, 80}, {-170, 190}}, PlotLegends -> Automatic, ColorFunction -> (ColorData["StarryNightColors", 2 #] &), Epilog -> Inset[title, {30, -65}], ImageSize -> 500]

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